Research Archive

This paper explores how continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems are transforming diabetes care. Unlike traditional blood sugar monitoring devices, CGMs provide real-time data and predict glucose levels. The study highlights how these technologies can be made accessible globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). By using wearable technology and artificial intelligence, CGMs can improve diabetes management and promote health equality worldwide.

Diabetes is a long-term condition affecting millions worldwide. This study looks at how Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) systems can be better than traditional Self-Monitoring Blood Glucose (SMBG) devices. SMBG uses fingerstick tests to check blood sugar but does not provide real-time updates or show trends over time. CGM systems solve this by using sensors under the skin to track glucose levels continuously and send live data to phones or devices.

The research discusses challenges like high costs and limited access, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It also shows how CGMs can work with machine learning to predict blood sugar changes. To make CGMs more accessible, the study suggests ideas like subsidies, lowering costs, and partnerships between governments and private companies. Expanding CGM use could improve blood sugar management and lower the risk of diabetes complications globally.

The research revealed that CGMs significantly outperformed SMBGs in critical metrics:

• Improved Glycemic Control: Studies demonstrated a 0.25%–0.31% reduction in HbA1c levels with CGMs compared to SMBGs, highlighting their efficacy in managing diabetes.
• Enhanced Detection: CGMs detected 9% more cases of nocturnal hypoglycemia, a critical benefit for preventing severe complications.
• Cost-Effectiveness: Although CGMs have higher upfront costs, they offer long-term savings by reducing hospitalizations and improving quality-adjusted life years (QALYs).

Case studies in LMICs showed that locally manufactured and subsidized CGMs improved adoption rates by 15%. The integration of hybrid closed-loop systems demonstrated additional benefits, automating insulin delivery and enhancing patient outcomes.

You can find the full paper here: [LINK]

This research paper examines the complex challenges of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Using detailed studies and clinical data, it explores the causes, effects, and global impact of TBIs. The paper highlights their common occurrence in young adults and high-risk groups like athletes and military personnel. Guided by experienced neuroscientists, the research addresses key gaps in diagnosing and treating TBIs. It focuses on the molecular processes involved, such as diffuse axonal injury and inflammation in the brain, aiming to improve both immediate care and long-term recovery.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. It happens when external forces, such as rapid movement or blast waves, damage the brain. This research explores how TBI affects the brain and examines both the physical damage and changes in brain function caused by different types of forces, like rotational and straight-line impacts.

The study reviews advanced diagnostic tools, such as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), which maps brain changes, and biomarkers like neurofilament light (NF-L), which can help detect TBI early. It also looks at how TBI leads to problems with thinking, behavior, and memory, focusing on damage to nerve fibers and the development of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). The research also examines the long-term effects of repeated mild injuries.

By using case studies and clinical trials, the paper highlights new treatments, including surgery for brain bleeding and non-invasive options like EEG-based neurofeedback. The goal is to connect emergency care with long-term recovery, offering personalized care to improve life for TBI survivors.

Advanced imaging techniques and biomarkers play a key role in diagnosing and treating traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). For example, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can detect axonal injuries that standard MRI scans often miss, offering valuable details about the extent of brain damage. Biomarkers like NF-L and tau proteins help monitor the severity of injuries and predict recovery.

Case studies show that combining surgical and non-surgical treatments leads to better outcomes for patients. New approaches like neurofeedback and metabolic imaging are effective in improving thinking skills and boosting brain recovery. The research also highlights the economic burden of TBIs, calling for affordable diagnostic tools and rehabilitation programs that work for people from all backgrounds.

You can find it here: [LINK]

DonorConnect is focusing mainly on three points. First, solve the shortage of blood donations from its roots by changing the mindset of the children to have the mentality of giving when they grow up through an online game. Then, maintain the percentage of regular blood donors, and finally, encourage youth to donate blood through many facilitations and features on a website and mobile application that I made using HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and JQuery. It contains many features, like all blood banks' locations and contact numbers, a donation history page where any donor can get his test results by linking the app with blood bank databases, and a pre-check questionnaire that anyone can have to know if he can donate with his blood or not by answering many questions from home.

Donor Connect addresses key challenges in blood donation. Many people hesitate to donate due to misinformation or lack of awareness. It also helps solve the difficulty of matching donors with recipients and the urgency of blood transfusions. Additionally, the platform tackles poor infrastructure in underdeveloped areas by offering a digital solution that reduces manual work.

Success, to me, isn't just about numbers; it's about the stories of resilience and growth. Thankfully, DonorConnect gained recognition at the ISEF National Fair and got a grant of $1000 from a sponsor to improve the project. DonorConnect was also ranked 3rd nationally in a competition held by AAST University in Egypt and won 3000 pounds and other gifts. After these achievements, the Ministry of Health in Egypt started paying attention to the project, and I am now conducting meetings with them and specialized programmers to link the website and the application to all blood banks in Egypt. I am very proud of this project, and I hope to expand it not only in Egypt but also on my continent, Africa, as a whole, and make a positive impact in my community.